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我国著名理学家、教育家和文学家周敦颐生于北宋天禧元年(公元1017年),道州营道县濂溪(今湖南道县)人。原名淳实,因避宋英宗(厚陵藩邸名)讳改名敦颐,字茂叔,号濂溪。时人称为“濂溪先生”。一、周敦颐与《爱莲说》周敦颐是个很有节操的人,对自己要求严格,当官廉明清正,生活朴素清淡,平生一爱莲花二爱山水。他如同晋高僧慧远和唐代诗人白居易一样,在堂前凿池种莲,并将书堂取名“爱莲堂”。周敦颐一生正直不阿,胸怀坦荡,深感宦海之污浊,深爱莲花出污泥而不染的可贵品格。北宋嘉佑八年(公元1063年)五月十五日之前,47岁的周敦颐在江西虔州任通判时撰写了《爱莲说》,十五日即为刻石书丹篆额(清·邓显鹤编《周子年谱》记载)。全文仅119个字的散文《爱莲说》,借花喻人,以明其志。诗仙李白从荷瓣想到佳人,诗圣杜甫却常常写落蕖和衰荷,而周敦颐独以“制芰荷以为衣兮,集芙蓉以为裳”的高洁自
ZHOU Dun-yi, a famous Chinese philosopher, educator and writer, was born in the first year of the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 1017). Formerly known as Chun Shi, avoid Song Yingzong (Houling Fandi name) Taboo renamed Dun Yi, word Mao Shu, No. 濂 Creek. When people call “Mr. Sui River ”. First, Zhou Dun Yi and “love lotus said,” Zhou Dun Yi is a very versatile man, strict demands on themselves, when officials clean and honest, simple and light life, love a love of two love landscape. He is like monk Hui Yuan monk and the Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi, in front of the pool chisel lotus, and the book named “love lotus hall.” Zhou Dunyi wholeheartedly, with magnanimous sense of deep, officialdom of the dirty, love lotus mud without staining the valuable character. Before the May 15 song of the Northern Song Jiayou (AD 1063), 47-year-old Zhou Dunyi wrote “Ailian” when he was sentenced to “Renlian” in Qianqian, Jiangxi Province, and “Danlian” The “Weekly Chronicle” records). The full text of only 119 words of the essay “love lotus said,” by spending Yu people to clarify its ambitions. Poetry Li Bai think of the woman from the petals, the poem Du Fu often wrote the fall and the decline of the Dutch, and Zhou Dun Yi alone “system Xi load that Xi Xi, Hibiscus thought Furong” Gaojie from