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黑热病是由黑热病原虫——杜氏利什曼原虫引起的、严重危害儿童健康的慢性传染病。主要流行于长江以北（16个省市），四川省为非流行区，但少数县有黑热病散发。现将我院（1956～1987年）收治的6例小儿黑热病临床资料分析如下：
Kala-azar is a chronic infectious disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania donovani, a serious threat to children’s health. Mainly in the north of the Yangtze River (16 provinces and cities), Sichuan Province as a non-endemic area, but a few kala-azar distribution. Now in our hospital (1956 ~ 1987) admitted to 6 cases of pediatric kala-azar clinical data analysis as follows: