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目的探讨短期、综合的艾滋病反歧视干预,对改变医学院校学生对艾滋病歧视态度的效果。方法便利抽取北京市某两所医学院校,一所作为干预组,另一所作为对照组。共纳入在临床见习和实习的本科医疗及护理专业学生123人,干预组62人,对照组61人。干预组实施以知识、激发情感和技能培训相结合的艾滋病反歧视干预,对照组不给予任何干预。两组分别在干预前后5个时间点采用问卷测量歧视态度。结果干预后四个时间点,干预组艾滋病一般歧视态度得分低于对照组,对HIV感染者/艾滋病病人就医过程歧视态度得分显著低于对照组,两组间的差异均有显著的统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论在医学院校专业教育基础上,短期、综合的艾滋病反歧视干预有效转变了学生对艾滋病的歧视态度,值得在医学院校及艾滋病反歧视领域进行拓展。
Objective To explore the effect of short-term and comprehensive HIV / AIDS anti-discrimination intervention on changing the students’ attitudes towards HIV / AIDS discrimination in medical colleges and universities. Method Convenient extraction of two medical schools in Beijing, one as an intervention group and the other as a control group. A total of 123 undergraduate medical and nursing students were enrolled in clinical probation and internship, 62 in the intervention group and 61 in the control group. The intervention group implemented AIDS anti-discrimination intervention combining knowledge, emotion stimulation and skill training without any intervention in the control group. Two groups were used questionnaires to measure discrimination attitude at five time points before and after the intervention. Results At four time points after intervention, AIDS-related discrimination discrimination scores were lower in the intervention group than those in the control group, and the discrimination attitude toward HIV / AIDS patients was significantly lower than that in the control group, with significant differences between the two groups (P <0.01). Conclusions On the basis of professional education in medical colleges and universities, short-term and comprehensive AIDS anti-discrimination interventions have effectively changed students’ attitudes towards AIDS discrimination and deserved to be expanded in medical schools and AIDS anti-discrimination.