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目的调查乌鲁木齐市2010年0～14岁儿童哮喘患病率及相关因素。方法采用整群抽样调查方法,选择6个点,抽样人数12 000名,以问卷调查结合现场检查确认儿童哮喘患病情况,统计患病率并进行相关因素分析。结果实际调查人数11 929名,检出哮喘儿童132例,儿童哮喘患病率为1.11%。其中0～3岁婴幼儿哮喘患病率为0.42%,～6岁学龄前儿童患病率为1.00%,～14岁学龄期儿童患病率为1.36%,随着年龄增加,儿童哮喘患病率增高(χ2=17.43,P<0.01)。男女儿童的患病率分别为1.46%和0.75%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.82,P<0.01)。相关因素分析显示,有过喘息(OR=208.56,95%CI:122.45～355.24)、持续咳嗽多于1个月(OR=10.91,95%CI:7.53～15.80)、1年内患过6次以上呼吸道感染(OR=10.33,95%CI:7.29～4.64)、过敏史(OR=11.02,95%CI:6.69～18.16)、家族史(OR=5.84,95%CI:4.13～8.26)为哮喘患病的主要相关因素(P均<0.01)。结论乌鲁木齐市儿童哮喘患病率有上升趋势,学龄期儿童患病率最高。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and related factors of asthma in children aged 0 ~ 14 in Urumqi in 2010. Methods The method of cluster sampling was used to select 6 points and the number of samples was 12 000. The prevalence of asthma in children was confirmed by questionnaire survey combined with on-the-spot examination. The prevalence was calculated and the related factors were analyzed. Results The actual number of investigators was 11 929, including 132 asthmatic children and 1.11% asthmatic children. Among them, the prevalence of asthma in infants and children aged 0-3 years was 0.42%, the prevalence of pre-school children aged 6 to 1.00 was 1.00%, the prevalence of children aged 14 to 14 years was 1.36%. With age, the prevalence of asthma in children Rate increased (χ2 = 17.43, P <0.01). The prevalence rates of boys and girls were 1.46% and 0.75%, respectively, with statistical significance (χ2 = 12.82, P <0.01). Correlation analysis showed that there was wheezing (OR = 208.56,95% CI: 122.45 ~ 355.24), persistent cough for more than 1 month (OR = 10.91, 95% CI: 7.53-15.80), more than 6 times in 1 year (OR = 10.33, 95% CI: 7.29-4.64), history of allergy (OR = 11.02, 95% CI 6.69-18.16), family history (OR = 5.84,95% CI 4.13-8.26) The main relevant factors of disease (P <0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of asthma in children in Urumqi has an increasing trend, and the highest prevalence in school-age children.