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为筛选出抗旱效果明显的保水剂,提高甜菜成苗率和产量,采用温室结合田间试验的方法,研究了不同保水剂对甜菜植株生长和产量的影响。结果表明:4种保水剂中以TM-3005KM保水剂处理效果最佳;TM-3005KM保水剂较CK定植后幼苗成活率高7.22%;苗期末期,TM-3005KM保水剂处理的株高、根粗、冠幅、叶长和叶宽值均最大,且显著高于CK,根鲜重、根干重、茎叶鲜重和茎叶干重较CK分别高27.83%、38.46%、65.21%和59.15%;各处理甜菜叶片叶绿素含量均呈单峰曲线,并于叶丛快速增长期达到峰值,各生育期施用保水剂各处理的叶绿素含量均显著高于CK,且以TM-3005KM保水剂处理含量值最高;各处理甜菜叶片光合速率变化与叶绿素含量基本一致;各处理甜菜叶片脯氨酸含量随生育时期的推进,表现出升高→降低→升高→降低的趋势,各生育期均以TM-3005KM保水剂处理含量最低,CK最高;TM-3005KM保水剂处理可溶性糖从地上部叶片向块根中转移的相对较早,且其含量变化相对稳定;收获时,TM-3005KM保水剂处理较CK生物产量、经济产量和折光糖度分别提高50.08%、47.53%和2.10%。研究表明,TM-3005KM保水剂处理有利于提高甜菜幼苗成活率,促进幼苗快速生长,增强植株抵御干旱的能力,为叶绿素含量积累、光合速率增大和产量的提高奠定良好的基础。
In order to select the SAP with obvious drought-resistance effect and improve the seedling rate and yield of sugar beet, the effects of different SAPs on the growth and yield of sugar beet were studied by field experiments. The results showed that TM-3005KM water-holding agent had the best effect among the four kinds of water-retaining agents. The survival rate of TM-3005KM water-holding agent was 7.22% higher than that of CK. The seedling height, Crown, leaf length and leaf width were the largest, and were significantly higher than those of CK, root fresh weight, root dry weight, fresh weight of stems and leaves and dry weight of stems were 27.83%, 38.46%, 65.21% and CK 59.15%. The chlorophyll content of beet leaf showed a single peak curve in all treatments, and reached the peak in the rapid growth period of leaf bundle. The content of chlorophyll in all treatments was significantly higher than that in CK. TM-3005KM water-holding agent The content of chlorophyll was the highest in all treatments. The content of proline in leaf of beet was the same with the content of chlorophyll in all treatments. The content of proline increased with increasing of growth stage, TM-3005KM water-holding agent has the lowest content of CK and the highest CK; TM-3005KM water-holding agent has relatively stable transfer of soluble sugar from above-ground leaves to tuberous roots, and its content changes relatively stable. CK biological yield, economic yield and sugar content points Do not increase 50.08%, 47.53% and 2.10%. The results showed that the treatment of TM-3005KM water-retaining agent could improve the survival rate of sugar beet seedlings, promote the rapid growth of seedlings and enhance the ability of plants to resist drought, laying a good foundation for the accumulation of chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and yield increase.