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目的了解深圳市罗湖区残疾人群健康状况及卫生服务需求与利用,为提高残疾人群健康状况及提供适当的卫生服务提供科学依据。方法对罗湖区登记在册的残疾人群进行健康体检,整群抽样问卷调查两个街道残疾人群卫生服务需求与利用并对结果进行分析。结果本次调查中健康体检与抽样问卷调查残疾人群的年龄、残疾等级、残疾类型经统计学检验差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。深圳市罗湖区残疾人群的高血压、超重或肥胖、贫血、高血脂、高血糖、阴道炎病患病率分别为22.78%、44.85%、7.20%、40.58%、21.65%、55.09%,其中高血压、超重或肥胖、贫血、高血脂患病率随残疾等级增加而增高(P<0.05)。残疾人群两周患病率为53.12%,半年慢性病患病率为32.03%,两周就诊率为57.81%,年住院率为22.92%,且均随年龄增加而增高(P<0.05);两周患病率一级残疾人群明显高于二级残疾人群(P<0.01);半年慢性病患病率男性高于女性(P<0.05);两周就诊率四级残疾人群高于二级残疾人群(P<0.01);年住院率男性高于女性(P<0.01),多重残疾人群高于精神残疾人群(P<0.01)。康复需求率为51.04%,不同残疾类型需求率不同。结论深圳市罗湖区残疾人群是一个高血压、超重或肥胖、高血脂、高血糖及妇女病高发的人群,卫生服务需求高但利用率却较低,有必要据此采取有针对性的措施,提高残疾人群健康水平。
Objective To understand the health status of disabled people and the demand and utilization of health services in Luohu District, Shenzhen, and to provide scientific basis for improving the health status of disabled people and providing appropriate health services. Methods The physical examination of disabled persons registered in Luohu District was carried out. The questionnaires of population sampling were used to investigate the demand and utilization of health services of disabled persons in two streets and the results were analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in age, level of disability and type of disability among the surveyed persons in the questionnaire survey of physical examination and sampling in this survey (P> 0.05). The prevalence rates of hypertension, overweight or obesity, anemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and vaginitis among disabled population in Luohu District, Shenzhen City were 22.78%, 44.85%, 7.20%, 40.58%, 21.65% and 55.09% The prevalence of blood pressure, overweight or obesity, anemia and hyperlipidemia increased with the level of disability (P <0.05). The two-week prevalence rate of disabled population was 53.12%. The prevalence rate of chronic disease in six months was 32.03%, the two-week visiting rate was 57.81% and the annual hospitalization rate was 22.92%, both of which were increased with increasing age (P <0.05) The prevalence of first-degree disability was significantly higher than that of second-degree disability (P <0.01). The prevalence of chronic disease in half-year was higher than that of female (P <0.05) P <0.01). The annual hospitalization rate was higher in males than in females (P <0.01). The multiple disability groups were higher than those in mental disability groups (P <0.01). Rehabilitation demand rate was 51.04%, different types of disability needs different rates. Conclusion The disabled population in Luohu District of Shenzhen City is a population with high blood pressure, overweight or obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and high incidence of women’s diseases. However, the demand for health services is high but the utilization rate is low. Therefore, it is necessary to take targeted measures to improve Disabled people’s health level.