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目的通过流行病学调查了解深圳市社区居民代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)的流行情况和危险因素,并评价对MS患者进行干预治疗的临床疗效。方法采取整群与随机相结合方法抽取深圳市2 050名30岁以上社区居民作进行MS流行病学调查,分析社区居民MS的流行现状、分布特征及主要危险因素。同时,对MS患者给予干预治疗(饮食、运动和药物等)1年,观察MS患者干预前后各项指标(包括一般项目、血液学指标)的变化情况,以评价干预治疗的疗效。结果 1共有2 000例社区居民按要求完成调查问卷。深圳市社区居民MS患病率约为15.6%(312/2000),男性、女性患病率分别为20.07%(220/1 096)和10.18%(92/904);各年龄段男性MS患病率均高于女性,除≥70岁年龄段外,其他年龄段差异比较有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。MS患者50~60岁组患病率最高,其次40~50岁组,两端呈抛物线型分布。2312例MS患者合并相关疾病患病率分析,血脂异常81.1%(253/312)最高,依次为肥胖61.2%(191/312)、高血压52.6%(164/312),高血糖或糖尿病11.9%(37/312)。3MS患者给予干预治疗1年,BMI、血压、FPG、TC、TG和LDL-C明显下降,HDL-C升高,与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论深圳市社区居民代谢综合征(MS)患病率较高,早期识别危险因素并进行适当干预治疗,能明显地改善相关危险指标,对降低心脑血管病、糖尿病等疾病的发生率,改善预后,提高社区居民的生活质量具有重要的意义。
Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) among community residents in Shenzhen through epidemiological investigation and to evaluate the clinical efficacy of MS intervention. Methods A total of 2 050 community residents over the age of 30 in Shenzhen were recruited to carry out MS epidemiological survey using a combination of cluster and random methods. The prevalence, distribution characteristics and main risk factors of community MS were analyzed. At the same time, MS patients were given interventions (diet, exercise and drugs) for one year. The changes of each index (including general items and hematological indexes) before and after MS were observed to evaluate the efficacy of intervention. Results 1 A total of 2 000 community residents completed the questionnaire as required. The prevalence of MS was about 15.6% (312/2000) in Shenzhen community residents. The prevalence rate of MS was 20.07% (220/1 096) and 10.18% (92/904) in men and women in MS. The rates were higher than those in women, except for those aged> 70 years, the differences were statistically significant in other age groups (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The prevalence of MS in patients aged 50-60 years was the highest, followed by the 40-50 years old group, with parabola distribution at both ends. Among the 2312 MS patients, 81.1% (253/312) had the highest prevalence of obesity, followed by 61.2% (191/312) of obesity, 52.6% (164/312) of hypertension, 11.9% of patients with hyperglycemia or diabetes, (37/312). The levels of BMI, blood pressure, FPG, TC, TG and LDL-C in 3MS patients were significantly decreased and HDL-C increased after 1 year of intervention, with statistical significance (P <0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is higher in community residents in Shenzhen. Early identification of risk factors and appropriate interventions can significantly improve the relevant risk indicators and reduce the incidence of diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus Prognosis, improve the quality of life of community residents is of great significance.