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17世纪,在意大利的佛罗伦萨市诞生了歌剧。由于一些带有人文主义思潮的音乐家,提倡个性解放,要求以人的情感为主。那些以表现神权宗教为主、运用假声和童声歌颂神灵、单纯的炫耀技巧以及毫无生气的声音已经完全不能适应歌唱的需求了。从此人们真正的情感便得到释放,从而产生了新的歌唱的方法,那就是歌剧的产物“美声歌唱”。美声歌唱在中国的传入是于20世纪三四十年代开始的,然而,由于翻译上的失误,导致“Bel canto”一词被误译为“美声唱法”。本文就这个问题展开来讨论对“Bel canto”一词的纠正以及其在西方不同的年代、不同时代所代表的含义与风格。
In the 17th century, opera was born in Florence, Italy. Since some musicians with humanist ideology advocate the liberation of personality, they demand that people’s emotions be predominant. Those who show the theocratic religion, use falsetto and children’s songs to praise the gods, pure showmanship and lifeless voices have completely failed to meet the needs of singing. Since then people’s real emotions have been released, resulting in a new way of singing, that is the product of the opera “Vocal singing ”. The introduction of vocal singing in China began in the 1930s and 1940s. However, due to translation errors, the word “Bel canto” was mistakenly translated as “vocal singing.” This article addresses this issue by discussing the correction of the term “Bel canto” and the meaning and style it represents in different times and in different Western countries.