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目的探讨产科患者院内感染的临床特点及相关高危因素,为制定防治措施提供参考。方法回顾性分析2010年1月-2014年1月该院产科住院分娩的1 109例产妇临床资料,对其中发生院内感染的产妇进行相关危险因素调查研究,并应用Logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果本文1 109例产妇产后发生院内感染45例,发生率为4.06%。发生院内感染的45例产妇中呼吸系统感染21例,占46.67%;皮肤黏膜组织8例,占17.78%;泌尿生殖系统6例,占13.33%;消化系统4例,占8.89%;乳腺2例,占4.44%及其他部位4例,占8.89%。其中呼吸系统感染所占比例最高,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。对院内感染发生的危险因素分析发现其中剖宫产、胎膜早破、疤痕子宫、合并高危因素种类≥2种是发生院内感染的高危因素,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。将经单因素分析存在统计学意义的作为自变量,是否发生院内感染表示因变量,对相关因素行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示剖宫产、胎膜早破、疤痕子宫、高危因素≥2种是产科患者院内感染的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论产科患者产后发生医院感染的高危因素较多,剖宫产、胎膜早破、疤痕子宫、高危因素≥2个是孕产妇发生医院内感染的高危因素,应针对这些危险因素制定有效的预防措施,合理控制危险因素,低院内感染的发生率。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of obstetric patients with nosocomial infections and the related risk factors for the development of prevention and treatment measures to provide a reference. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 1 109 mothers given in obstetrics and gynecology hospital from January 2010 to January 2014. The risk factors for maternal nosocomial infection were investigated and analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results In this paper, 109 cases of postpartum nosocomial infection in 45 cases, the incidence was 4.06%. Among 45 cases of nosocomial infection, 21 cases were respiratory infections, accounting for 46.67%; 8 cases of dermal mucosa, accounting for 17.78%; 6 cases of genitourinary system accounting for 13.33%; 4 cases of digestive system accounting for 8.89%; 2 cases of breast , Accounting for 4.44% and other sites in 4 cases, accounting for 8.89%. Respiratory infection accounted for the highest proportion, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Analysis of the risk factors of nosocomial infections found that there were two risk factors of nosocomial infection such as cesarean section, premature rupture of membranes, uterus with scars, and ≥2 types of high risk factors. The difference was statistically significant (both P <0.05). Univariate analysis of statistical significance as an independent variable, whether the occurrence of nosocomial infections, said dependent variable, the relevant factors of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that cesarean section, premature rupture of membranes, uterine scar, risk factors ≥ 2 Obstetrics and gynecology patients with nosocomial infection risk factors (P <0.05). Conclusions Obstetric patients have high risk of nosocomial infection postpartum. Cesarean section, premature rupture of membranes, uterine scar and ≥ 2 risk factors are risk factors of nosocomial infection in pregnant women. Effective prevention should be made according to these risk factors Measures, reasonable control of risk factors, the incidence of low nosocomial infection.