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目的通过分析研究不同作业场所引起的石工矽肺的临床及X线征象,掌握不同作业场所石工矽肺发病特点,为矽肺的防治提供科学依据。方法以汕头市职业病防治所职业性尘肺诊断小组诊断的80例石工矽肺病例为研究对象,按作业场所的不同分类探讨他们的临床表现及X线特点。结果宝石工矽肺的发病年龄最低,接尘工龄最短,病变进展快,肺功能下降快,致病残程度严重,预后差;小作坊打石工矽肺的发病年龄最高,接尘工龄最长,病变进展缓慢;采石场和石板厂石工矽肺的发病情况介于上述两者之间。结论不同作业场所石工矽肺X射线胸片阴影及临床表现各具特点,他们的发病年龄、接尘工龄以及晋期情况差异有统计学意义,说明不同作业场所石工工人在劳动生产过程中接触的粉尘危害程度不同。因此,有关部门应针对不同作业场所加强防尘工作的领导和管理,制定切实有效预防矽肺病发生和加重的综合措施。
Objective To analyze the clinical and X-ray findings of masonry silicosis caused by different workplaces and to master the characteristics of masonry silicosis in different workplaces so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of silicosis. Methods Eighty cases of masonry silicosis diagnosed by occupational pneumoconiosis diagnosis team in Shantou Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control were selected as the research objects. Their clinical manifestations and X-ray characteristics were explored according to different classification of work place. Results The age of gem silicosis was the lowest, the shortest dusting period, the rapid progression of the disease, the rapid decline of lung function, the serious degree of the disease and the poor prognosis. The silicosis of the small workshop was the highest, Slow; quarry and stone factory masonry silicosis incidence between the above two. Conclusions The shades and clinical manifestations of masonry x-ray chest masonry in different workplaces have their own characteristics. Their age of onset, the age of dust-pick-up and the period of Jin are statistically significant, indicating that the masonry workers in different workplaces are exposed to dust during labor production Different degrees of harm. Therefore, relevant departments should strengthen the leadership and management of dust prevention work in different workplaces to formulate comprehensive measures to effectively and effectively prevent the occurrence and aggravation of silicosis.