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一、在运输市场开放的形势下,国营和集体运输企业出现的一些情况自从国家实行改革和开放政策以来,随着整个国民经济体制改革的深化,运输业的计划管理体制出现了新情况,如铁路、沿海、长江、珠江等大型运输企业的指令性计划减少,除了煤、矿石等少数品种和主要港口的进口实行指令性计划以外,其余物资大部分列入指导性计划,即国家下达一定的计划指标,具体运输业务则由运输企业进入运输市场,自由承托。中央关于个体经济的政策放宽以后,个体车辆成批涌现并参加运输市场,他们完全由市场调节,在经营方面十分灵活,服务质量较好,具有竞争实力。
First, with the opening up of the transport market, some situations have arisen in the state-run and collectively-owned transport enterprises. Since the state adopted the policy of reform and opening up, with the deepening of the reform of the national economy, new situations have emerged in the planning and management system of the transport industry. The mandatory plans of railways, coastal areas, the Yangtze River and Pearl River have been reduced. In addition to the mandatory plans for the importation of a few types of coal, ore and other major ports, most of the remaining materials are included in the guiding plans, that is, Planning indicators, the specific transport business by the transport enterprises into the transport market, freehold. After the central government relaxed its policy on individual economy, individual vehicles emerged in batches and participated in the transport market. They were fully regulated by the market. They were very flexible in operation and had good service quality and competitive strength.