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目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区克拉玛依市手足口病(HFMD)流行规律及影响因素。方法对克拉玛依市2008-2010年HFMD疫情及流行病学调查资料进行描述性分析,利用反转录-聚合酶链反应方法对部分病例粪便标本进行病原分型。结果 2008-2010年,克拉玛依市HFMD年发病率分别为62.42/10万、66.22/10万和104.04/10万(χ2=40.65,P<0.001),每年的5、6月和11月左右是发病高峰季节;发病年龄主要集中在0～5岁儿童(87.43%),托幼儿童(59.83%)、托幼机构(85.10%)是高发人群和高发场所。检测手足口病病例标本153份,柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)阳性率为27.45%,肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性率为20.92%;2008-2009年,流行毒株以EV71为主,2010年以Cox A16为主。结论克拉玛依市HFMD防控形势严峻,防控工作应以托幼儿童和托幼机构为重点,并根据不同季节及不同地区的流行状况适当调整防控策略。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Karamay, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods Descriptive analysis of epidemiological and epidemiological data of HFMD in Karamay from 2008 to 2010 was carried out. The stool samples of some cases were pathogenized by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction. Results The annual incidence rates of HFMD in Karamay from 2008 to 2010 were 62.42 / 100000, 66.22 / 100000 and 104.04 / 100000 respectively (χ2 = 40.65, P <0.001). The annual incidence of HFMD was about 5, 6 and 11 months The peak age of onset was mainly in children aged 0-5 years (87.43%), nursery children (59.83%) and nurseries (85.10%). 153 samples of hand, foot and mouth disease were detected, the positive rate of Cox A16 was 27.45%, and the positive rate of EV71 was 20.92%. From 2008 to 2009, EV71-based, 2010 to Cox A16-based. Conclusion The situation of prevention and control of HFMD in Karamay City is severe. Prevention and control should focus on nurseries and nurseries and nurseries, and the prevention and control strategies should be appropriately adjusted according to the prevalence in different seasons and different regions.