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从我国特有植物小花盾叶薯蓣根茎的乙醇提取物分离到四个甾体皂甙,根据理化性质、光谱数据,推定化学结构为纤细皂甙(gracillin)[Ⅰ],三角蓣皂甙宁(deJtonine)[Ⅱ],原纤细皂甙(protogracillin)[Ⅲ]和三角薯蓣皂甙(deltoside)[Ⅳ]。[Ⅳ]作为纯品是首次从薯蓣植物中分得,其结构为3-O-{β-D-葡萄吡喃糖(1→4)-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖}-26-O-{β-D-葡萄吡喃糖}-薯蓣皂甙元(3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyanosyl}-26-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl}-diosgenin)。
Four steroidal saponins were isolated from the ethanol extract of the endemic plant Dioscorea zingiberensis in our country. According to physicochemical properties and spectral data, the chemical structure was estimated to be gracillin [I], deJtonine [II] ], protogracillin [III] and deltoside [IV]. [IV] as a pure product was firstly obtained from the dioscorea plant, whose structure was 3-O-{β-D-pyranopyranose (1→4)-[α-L-rhamopyranose (1→ 2)]-β-D-Pyrrolurosulfan-26-O-{β-D-Pyruvyrose}-Diosgenin (3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→4)-[ α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)]-β-D-glucopyanosyl}-26-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl}-diosgenin).