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目的对2014年6月缅甸勐波县南排区甘搞乡岩刀橡胶队发生的一起恶性疟疾暴发疫情特征进行分析,为防止境外恶性疟疾病例输入制定有效防控措施提供依据。方法 2014年6月30日对疫点23户居民逐户登记,对现症病例进行流行病学个案调查,采用疟疾快速诊断试剂卡(RDT)和显微镜检测疑似疟疾病例,用诱蚊灯调查疟疾媒介种类。结果共检测88人,RDT恶性疟阳性65例,显微镜镜检阳性37例;男女性别比为1∶1.17,0~70岁均有发病,其中年龄最大70岁,最小3月龄,死亡2例;共捕获5种按蚊111只,其中微小按蚊9只,中华按蚊25只。65例病例均给予双氢青蒿素/磷酸哌喹规范治疗和室内氟氯氰菊酯杀虫剂滞留喷洒等防治措施,疫情得到有效控制。结论该起疫情属于缅甸边境地区单一恶性疟引起的暴发疫情,应进一步加强中缅边境地区疟疾联防联控工作,及时发现疫情和采取相应的控制措施,防止境外疟疾病例输入云南省境内。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of an outbreak of falciparum malaria in Yandao Rubber Team in Ganpao Township, Mengba County, Mengba County, Myanmar in June 2014 to provide basis for prevention and control of imported malaria cases. Methods Twenty-three residents of the epidemic area were enrolled on a household-by-household basis on June 30, 2014. Epidemiological investigation of the disease cases was carried out. The malaria rapid diagnostic reagent card (RDT) and microscopy were used to detect the suspected malaria cases and the mosquito lamp was used to investigate the malaria cases Media types. Results A total of 88 cases were detected, 65 cases of RD malaria were positive and 37 cases were microscopically examined. The ratio of male to female was 1: 1.17 and 0 to 70 years old. The oldest was 70 years old and the youngest was 3 months old, with 2 deaths A total of 111 Anopheles species were caught, 9 of which were Anopheles minimus and 25 of Anopheles sinensis. 65 cases were given dihydroartemisinin / piperacillin phosphate standard treatment and indoor cyfluthrin insecticide retention spray prevention and treatment measures, the outbreak was effectively controlled. Conclusions The outbreak is an outbreak of single falciparum malaria in the border area of Myanmar. The malaria prevention and control should be further strengthened in the Sino-Burmese border areas. Epidemics should be detected and relevant control measures should be taken in time to prevent imported malaria cases from entering the territory of Yunnan Province.