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乙型肝炎(HB)疫苗联合高效价抗乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIg)阻断乙肝病毒(HBV)母婴传播已得到充分肯定,但仍有部分免疫阻断失败,其原因至少有三种:①婴儿已发生 HBV宫内感染,造成免疫耐受状态。②早期应用 HBIg可阻断病毒血症的形成,但 HBV已存在于感染的白细胞,肝脏或其他组织中,抗 HBs降低后再形成病毒血症。③个体遗传性差异对疫苗的无反应性,以后经水平传播感染了HBV。主要原因为HBV的宫内传播。
Hepatitis B (HB) vaccine combined with high titer of HBIg to block the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been fully affirmed, but there are still some failures of immune blockade for at least three reasons: ① infant HBV intrauterine infection has occurred, resulting in immune tolerance. ② The early application of HBIg can block the formation of viremia, but HBV has been present in infected white blood cells, liver or other tissues, anti-HBs reduced after the formation of viremia. ③ individual genetic differences in the vaccine non-responsive, after the level of infection transmitted by HBV. The main reason is the intrauterine transmission of HBV.