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目的了解新乡市手足口病临床表现、发病就诊与治疗情况,为制定手足口病防治措施提供科学依据。方法按发病率高低将新乡市所辖县(市)分为高中低三层,每层随机抽取一个县(市)作为样本县。从3个县4月1日～7月27日网络报告的手足口病例中各随机抽取50例病例作为调查对象。结果新乡市手足口病以轻症为主,以1岁、2岁的农村儿童多发,发病的最小年龄为4个月。手足口病以发热出疹为主要症状,重症病例发热持续时间、皮疹持续时间、病程比轻症病例长。重症病例以EV71感染为主,轻症以EV71和CVA16感染为主。轻症患者与重症病例相比,发病至确诊时间短,首诊确诊率高,轻症病例首诊以县级以上医疗机构为主,重症病例首诊多在乡村级医疗机构。结论加强基层医疗机构医务人员手足口诊断救治水平应为新乡市手足口防治的重点。
Objective To understand the clinical manifestations, incidence and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xinxiang City and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control measures of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods According to the incidence of Xinxiang city under the jurisdiction of counties (cities) is divided into three high school low, each layer randomly selected a county (city) as a sample county. From 3 counties on April 1 to July 27, the network reported cases of hand, foot and mouth in all 50 cases were randomly selected as the survey. Results Hand-foot-mouth disease in Xinxiang City was mainly mild, with multiple children aged 1 and 2 years. The minimum age of onset was 4 months. Hand, foot and mouth disease to fever rash as the main symptoms of severe cases of fever duration, rash duration, longer duration than mild cases. Severe cases of EV71 infection, mild to EV71 and CVA16 infection. Compared with severe cases, patients with mild to severe disease have a shorter diagnosis time and a higher first diagnosis rate. The first cases of mild cases are mainly medical institutions at or above the county level. The first diagnosis cases of severe cases are mostly rural-level medical institutions. Conclusion Strengthening the diagnosis and treatment of hand, foot and mouth of medical staff in primary medical institutions should be the focus of prevention and treatment of hand, foot and mouth in Xinxiang City.