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以茶梅叶片为试材,通过田间形态观测、常规石蜡切片和扫描电镜方法,测定茶梅叶片形态、叶片结构和气孔特征在自然变温过程中的适应性变化.结果表明:随着温度的逐渐降低,茶梅叶色由绿色逐渐变为暗绿色,并出现白色或紫色斑点;相对电导率和枯叶率呈先升高后下降的趋势,3月相对电导率和枯叶率最高,分别为56.0%和25.4%;2014年9月—2015年4月自然变温期间,茶梅叶片中脉厚度、叶片厚度、上下角质层厚度、上下表皮细胞厚度、栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度、中脉突起度、细胞紧实度均呈先上升后下降的趋势,而细胞疏松度先降低后增加,各指标在不同月份间差异显著;2014年10、12月和2015年3月茶梅叶片气孔长度、宽度变化不显著,3月关闭气孔所占比例最高.茶梅通过叶片结构和气孔的关闭提高自身对低温逆境的适应性.
The tea leaves were used as test materials to determine the adaptability of the morphology, leaf structure and stomatal characteristics of Camellia oleifera during natural temperature-changing process by field observation, conventional paraffin section and scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that with the gradual Decreased, and the color of tea plum gradually changed from green to dark green with white or purple spots. The relative conductivity and dry leaf rate first increased and then decreased. The relative electric conductivity and dry leaf rate were the highest in March 56.0%, and 25.4% respectively. During the period of natural temperature change from Sep. 2014 to Apr. 2015, the leaf plugs of Medjugalla spp., Such as midrib vein thickness, leaf thickness, upper and lower cuticle thickness, epidermal cell thickness, palisade tissue, sponge tissue thickness, The compaction degree of the tea came up first and then decreased, but the cell looseness first decreased and then increased, and the indexes differed significantly among the different months; the change of the stoma length and width of Camellia oleifera leaves in October, December, 2014 and March, 2015 was not significant Significantly, the highest percentage of stomata was closed in March, and Chamaemergust improved its adaptability to low temperature stress through the closure of leaf structure and stomata.