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一引言元素有机化合物~*的发現很早。距今两百年前(1760),Cadet就发現氧化二甲胂。这个化合物具有历史意义,因为它經Bunsen研究后,发現在起化学反应时,二甲基砷基团总保持不变,因此加強了“基的学說”的信念。元素有机在化学史上起了突出的作用。早在1849年,Frankland制备了二乙基鋅,嗣后又用同样方法合成了砷和銻的烷基化合物。他发現鋅和两个烷基化合,而砷、銻各和三个烷基化合,因此确立了原子价的概念。又利用鋅化合物合成了許多位置异构体的化合物,奠定了有机結构理論的基础。元素有机在有机合成中的应用极其广泛。例如,(1887)应用有机鋅化合物,Grignard(1900)应用有机鎂化合物于有机合成,都是有机化学中极其重要的
I. INTRODUCTION Elemental organic compound ~ * was discovered very early. Two hundred years ago (1760), Cadet discovered metaxoxan. This compound is of historic interest because it has been found by Bunsen’s study to find that dimethyl arsenic groups always remain the same in chemical reactions and thus reinforce the belief that “the basis of doctrine”. Elemental organic plays a prominent role in the history of chemistry. As early as 1849, Frankland prepared diethyl zinc, followed by the same method of synthesis of arsenic and antimony alkyl compounds. He found that zinc and two alkylated, and each of arsenic, antimony and three alkylated, thus establishing the concept of atomic valence. Also the use of zinc compounds synthesized a number of positional isomers of compounds, laid the foundation for the theory of organic structure. Elemental organic is extremely versatile in organic synthesis. For example, (1887) the use of organozinc compounds, Grignard (1900) the use of organomagnesium compounds for organic synthesis, are of great importance in organic chemistry