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Aimed at two typical composite floor systems of through steel bridges in high speed railway, design methods of headed studs were put forward for different composite members through comparing and analyzing the structure, mechanical characteristics and transmission routes of deck loads. The simplified calculation models were brought out for the stud design of the longitudinal girders and transverse girders in the composite floor system of Nanjing Dashengguan Yangtze River Bridge (NDB). Studs were designed and arranged by taking the middle panel of 336 m main span for example. The results show that under deck loads, the longitudinal girders in the composite floor system of through steel bridges are in tension-bending state, longitudinal shear force on the interface is caused by both longitudinal force of The first mechanical system and vertical bending of The second mechanical system, and studs can be arranged with equal space in terms of the shear force in range of 0.2d (where d is the panel length) on the top ends. Transverse girders in steel longitudinal and transverse girders-concrete slab composite deck are in compound-bending state,and out-of-plane bending has to be taken into account in the stud design. In orthotropic integral steel deck-concrete slab composite deck, out-of-plane bending of transverse girders is very small so that it can be neglected, and studs on the orthotropic integral steel deck can be arranged according to the structural requirements. The above design methods and simplified calculation models have been applied in the stud design of NDB.