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森林综合效益的经济计量与评价是确切评估森林作用,合理开发利用森林资源的重要依据。森林综合效益是指在一定立地条件下,单位面积林地所能获得的可经营利用的林产品产量、产值及森林涵养水源、保持水土等效益利用量的总和。一般来说,森林的生态效益和经济效益是相互矛盾的,生态效益高的森林(如防护林)直接效益低,而经济价值大的森林(如经济林)其防护效益则较小,兼顾森林的综合效益意味着在森林的生态效益和经济效益之间作出选择,即根据不同经营目的在二者之间作出选择。如果一个林区经营森林的目的是以发挥森林生态功能为主,则森林布局的原则应以防护效益大的林种(如防护林)及树种
The economic measurement and evaluation of the comprehensive benefits of forests is an important basis for accurately evaluating the role of forests and developing and utilizing forest resources reasonably. The comprehensive forest benefits refer to the total output of forestry products, output value and forest water conservation that can be used and exploited per unit area of woodland under certain site conditions, and the sum of water and soil conservation and benefit utilization. In general, the ecological and economic benefits of forests are contradictory. The direct benefits of forests with high ecological benefits (such as shelterbelts) are low, while those with high economic values (such as economic forests) Benefits mean making a choice between the ecological and economic benefits of forests by choosing between the two for different business purposes. If the purpose of a forest management forest is to play a forest ecological function, the principle of forest layout should be based on protective benefits of forest species (such as shelterbelts) and species