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目的探讨肝硬化患者医院感染的相关危险因素与预防对策。方法选取2013年11月—2015年11月收治的60例肝硬化患者,回顾性分析其临床资料,统计医院感染发生率,总结医院感染的危险因素,制定相应预防措施。结果 60例肝硬化患者中,医院感染发生率40.0%;肝硬化患者医院感染部位包括泌尿系统、消化系统、腹腔、呼吸系统、其他等,其中以消化系统、腹腔、呼吸系统为主,分别占20.8%、31.3%、37.5%;肝硬化患者医院感染中高龄、住院时间长、侵入性操作、广谱抗菌药物应用、肝功能差、合并肝炎并发症等危险因素比较OR=5.462、4.734、6.281、7.036、12.493、13.825,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论引起肝硬化患者发生医院感染的危险因素较多,临床需采取相应预防措施,以降低患者医院感染发生率,促进康复。
Objective To investigate the related risk factors of nosocomial infection in cirrhotic patients and the preventive measures. Methods Sixty patients with cirrhosis who were admitted from November 2013 to November 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data, the incidence of nosocomial infections, and the risk factors of nosocomial infections were summarized and corresponding preventive measures were formulated. Results Among the 60 cirrhosis patients, the incidence of nosocomial infection was 40.0%. The nosocomial infection sites of patients with cirrhosis included urinary system, digestive system, abdominal cavity, respiratory system and others. The digestive system, abdominal cavity and respiratory system accounted for 20.8%, 31.3%, 37.5%. The risk factors of nosocomial infection such as elderly, long hospital stay, invasive operation, application of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, poor liver function and complications of hepatic cirrhosis were OR = 5.462,4.734,6.281 , 7.036,12.493,13.825, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion There are many risk factors for nosocomial infection in patients with cirrhosis. Corresponding preventive measures should be taken in order to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections and promote rehabilitation.