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目的:观察成年家猫在不同刺激状态下腓浅神经内动作电位的差异,探讨纵行神经束内电极在周围神经感觉信号采集分析中的应用价值。方法:实验于2004-04/07在复旦大学上海医学院病理生理实验室完成。①用直径25μm×25μm的聚四氟乙烯绝缘铂铱合金丝(95%铂+10%铱)制作纵行神经束内微电极,植入成年健康家猫(n=6)左侧踝上腓浅神经内。②将铂铱合金电极与SMUP-E型生物信号处理系统相连,记录的电信号经放大、过滤、采集后(放大倍数×80000,时间常数0.01s,高频滤波10kHz),输入奔腾733计算机进行信号的存储分析。③用毛刷(刷板0.3cm×1.0cm)及自制机械震荡刺激器的钝头金属探针分别对左侧足背皮肤进行搔刮、压力(800～1200g)刺激,3Hz。④以纵行神经束内电极依次记录平静、搔刮和压力刺激时的感觉诱发电位;用MFLab3.01软件包对动作电位的面积、频率、峰值变异系数及功能谱密度等参数进行分析。结果:6只家猫左侧踝上腓浅神经的感觉诱发电位测定结果均纳入分析。①平静、搔刮和压力刺激时的感觉神经动作电位分析:家猫足背皮肤安静状态下间断无规律地发放神经冲动,脉冲0～2个/s;搔刮刺激时,脉冲16～24个/s,发放较规律,波幅波动不大;压力性刺激时,神经冲动呈爆发性释放,叠加成串,脉冲80～104个/s,波形波幅差异较大。②不同刺激状态感觉神经动作电位面积、频率及峰值变异系数分析:搔刮和压力刺激时均高于平静时,压力刺激时高于搔刮刺激时,差异均有显著性(P<0.05～0.01)。③平静、搔刮和压力刺激时感觉神经动作电位的功能谱分析:压力刺激时动作电位的高频成分增加。结论:对皮肤内触、压觉感受器施以触压刺激,随着触压力量的增大,传入纤维上的动作电位频率逐渐增高,发放动作电位的纤维数目也随之增多。通过自制的神经束内微电极,可以敏感地记录到不同刺激形式时感觉信号发放的变化,为采集分析感觉信息用于电子假肢的反馈控制,提供良好界面。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the differences of action potentials in the shallow peroneal nerve of adult domestic cats under different stimulation conditions, and to explore the value of electrodes in longitudinal nerve bundles in the acquisition and analysis of peripheral nerve sensory signals. Methods: The experiment was performed at the Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University from April to April 2004. (1) The longitudinal nerve bundle microelectrode was made by using polytetrafluoroethylene-insulated platinum-iridium alloy wire (95% platinum + 10% iridium) with a diameter of 25μm × 25μm and implanted into the left ankle upper body of an adult healthy domestic cat (n = 6) Superficial nerve. ② Platinum iridium alloy electrode and SMUP-E-type biological signal processing system connected to the electrical signal recorded by amplification, filtering, acquisition (magnification × 80000, time constant 0.01s, high-frequency filtering 10kHz), enter the Pentium 733 computer Signal storage analysis. ③ Scraping the left dorsal skin with brush (0.3cm × 1.0cm brush) and blunt metal probe made by self-made mechanical shock stimulator, pressure (800 ~ 1200g), 3Hz. (4) The sensory evoked potentials of the transendothelial nerve bundles were recorded sequentially after transection, scratching and pressure stimulation. The MFLab3.01 software package was used to analyze the parameters such as area, frequency, peak variation coefficient and functional spectral density of action potentials. Results: The sensory evoked potentials of the superficial peroneal nerve on the left ankle of 6 domestic cats were included in the analysis. ① Sensory nerve action potentials during calm, scratch and pressure stimulation: The cat’s nerves were intermittently and irregularly released in the quiet state of the dorsalis pedis, the pulse was 0-2 / s; while the scratch was stimulated, the pulse was 16-24 / s, the distribution of more regular, small fluctuations in volatility; pressure stimulation, the burst of nerve impulse release, superimposed on a string, pulse 80 ~ 104 / s, large differences in waveform amplitude. (2) Analysis of the area, frequency and peak coefficient of variation of sensory nerve action potentials under different stimulation states: Scratch and pressure stimulation were higher than those under calm and pressure stimulation was higher than scratch stimulation (P <0.05 ~ 0.01 ). ③ calm, scratching and pressure stimulation sensory nerve action potential of the functional spectrum analysis: pressure stimulation action potential high frequency components increased. CONCLUSIONS: Touching pressure is applied to the sensory receptors of the skin and the occipital nerves. As the contact pressure increases, the frequency of action potentials on the afferent fibers gradually increases, and the number of fibers on which action potentials are released also increases. Through self-made intra-microelectrode, we can sensitively record the change of sensory signal when different stimulus forms, and provide a good interface for collecting and analyzing sensory information for feedback control of electronic prosthesis.