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国有垄断企业高收入,与所有者缺位有很大的关系。国有垄断企业的所有者缺位造成内部人控制:一是造成国家与国有企业分配关系不完善。国家没有代表全民将国有资产的经营所得拿足,留给了国有垄断企业在内部私分剩余价值的空间。剩余控制权的转移给垄断企业带来的大量利润留存,为垄断企业实行高收入提供了物质条件。二是所有者缺位使得国有垄断企业内部分配缺乏约束。在企业没有所有权却有经营权的背景下,企业经营者和职工都不是国有资产的所有者,很容易在分配上达成利益共享,必然追求收入而不是资本增值的最大化。
State-owned monopoly enterprises have high incomes and have a great relationship with the absence of owners. The absence of the owners of state-owned monopoly enterprises caused the insiders to control: firstly, the distribution relationship between state and state-owned enterprises was not perfect. The state failed to get enough of the state-owned assets’ operating income on behalf of the entire people, leaving the space for state-owned monopoly enterprises to privately divide their surplus value. The transfer of residual control rights to monopoly enterprises to save a lot of profits for the monopoly to provide high-income material conditions. Second, the absence of owners makes the internal distribution of state-owned monopoly enterprises lacks constraints. Under the background that enterprises do not own the ownership but have the right to operate, neither the managers nor the employees are the owners of the state-owned assets. It is easy to achieve the sharing of benefits in the distribution and must pursue the maximization of income rather than capital appreciation.