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一现今上海市所辖各郊县,明清二代隶属于松江府与苏州府。苏松二府在明清时代的五个世纪中,其经济高度成长,始终领先于全国各地,成为中央政府所仰赖的财政收入重要来源。这与本地区农村副业的高水平发展有着密切的关系。传统农业时代,耕地面积的扩大是缓慢而有限的,人口的增长却很惊人。沉重的人口压力,使人均占有耕地日趋减少,农业人口相对过剩,上海农村这一矛盾显得更为突出。农家经营的田场面积过于狭小,而且零细化,要不断提高单位面积产量,以满足日趋增多的人口的需求,有相当难度。唯一的出路是把相对过剩的农业人口从土地上转移出去,改变以往所有农业人口都在土地上寻求生路的状况,于是,农业以外的其他产业——副业,便显得十分重要。在“绫布二物,衣被天下”的时代,这一地区的农
One now under the jurisdiction of Shanghai’s suburbs, the second generation of the Ming and Qing Songjiang Prefecture and Suzhou government. During the five centuries of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the second house of the Soviet Republic of Songsu, whose economic growth had always been ahead of the country, became an important source of revenue for the Central Government. This is closely related to the high level development of rural sideliners in this region. In the traditional agricultural era, the expansion of arable land was slow and limited, and population growth was staggering. Heavy population pressure, so that per capita possession of arable land decreases, the relative surplus of agricultural population, the contradiction in rural Shanghai is more prominent. It is quite difficult for the farms to run field plots that are too small and have to be refined to continuously raise the yield per unit area so as to meet the needs of a growing population. The only way out is to divert the relatively surplus agricultural population from the land and to change the situation where all agricultural population had sought their way on the land in the past. As a result, other industries other than agriculture became very important. In the “Aya cloth two things, clothing is the world,” the era of agriculture in this area