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山西各地方言的构词成分中普遍有一个词头“圪”(在不同地区读音有差别),这个“圪”本身没有词汇意义,仅有一部分构成动词的能表示某种语法意义,其余大多数连语法意义也不表示,只能看作表音词头。以它为词头构成的词有名词、动词、形容词、量词和象声词。不过,这个词头的活跃程度各地不一样,比如在晋中等地,就很活跃,带“圪”的词很多,在动词前表示某种语法意义的用法几乎具有开放性,以致可以
There is a general prefix “圪” (different pronunciation in different regions) in the formation components of Shanxi dialects. This “圪” has no lexical meaning in itself, and only a part constitutes the grammatical meaning of a verb, while most of the other Grammatical meaning does not mean that can only be seen as phonetic prefix. Nouns, verbs, adjectives, quantifiers and onomatopoeia are the words that form the prefix. However, the activeness of this prefix varies from place to place. For example, in Jinzhong and other places, it is very active. There are many words of “圪,” and the usage of some kind of grammatical meaning before the verb is almost open-ended.