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我国铁路车辆正朝高速、重载方向发展,空心车轴的采用是减轻簧下质量的重要措施,其参数的优化选取在车轴设计中相当关键。针对时速250km/h高速客车空心车轴的参数设计选择,应用正交试验方法,通过分析内孔径、轴颈直径和轴身外径对车轴质量与车轴应力集中的影响,根据直观分析和方差分析计算,一致得出车轴参数设计的最佳组合方案,同时验证轴身外径为关键影响因子。结果表明此正交试验法科学、高效,可应用于车辆轻量化的研究。
China’s railway vehicles are developing in the direction of high speed and overloading. The adoption of hollow axles is an important measure to reduce the unsprung mass. The optimal selection of parameters is crucial in axle design. According to the choice of parameter design of hollow axle of high speed passenger car with 250km / h, orthogonal test method is adopted. By analyzing the influence of inner bore, journal diameter and outer diameter of axle on axle mass and axle stress concentration, according to visual analysis and variance analysis , Unanimously come to the best combination of axle parameters design program, while the shaft diameter verification as the key impact factor. The results show that this orthogonal test method is scientific and efficient and can be applied to the research of vehicle lightweighting.