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目的对中国屠宰场生猪中致病性小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)带型分布进行分析,为该菌防控提供依据。方法从11个省(直辖市、自治区)屠宰场采集猪咽拭子和猪回盲部肠内容物标本分离小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌,同时对致病性菌株进行PFGE分析。结果采用PFGE分型用NotⅠ酶切后将763株致病性O∶3血清型菌株分为47个型别,其中K6GN11C30021带型是猪中携带的致病菌株优势PFGE型别,占56.49%(431/763);另外1株O∶9血清型菌株为K6GN11C90004型别。所有的屠宰场皆有多种PFGE带型,不同地区除具有各自的优势型别外存在交叉带型。结论中国屠宰场生猪中致病性小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌PFGE带型多样,具有一定地域性特征。且猪咽部与回盲部肠内容物中能同时携带多种带型的小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌。应警惕猪中携带的小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌通过污染猪肉及其制品以及环境而感染人类,从而对公共卫生和食品安全构成威胁。
Objective To analyze the distribution of pathogenic Yersinia pestis pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in Chinese slaughterhouse pigs, and provide the basis for the prevention and control of the bacteria. Methods Yersinia enterocolitica was isolated from the intestinal contents of swine throat swabs and porcine ileocecal samples from slaughterhouses in 11 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions). PFGE analysis of pathogenic strains was also carried out. Results 763 strains of pathogenic O: 3 serotypes were divided into 47 genotypes by PFGE typing and not digested with NotⅠ. Among them, K6GN11C30021 genotype was the predominant PFGE type of pathogenic bacteria in pigs, accounting for 56.49% 431/763). Another strain of O: 9 serotype was K6GN11C90004. All slaughterhouses have a variety of PFGE belt type, cross-belt type exist in different regions in addition to their respective advantages. Conclusion The pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica PFGE of pigs in Chinese slaughterhouse is diverse and has certain regional characteristics. And swine pharynx and ileocecal intestinal contents can carry a variety of types of Yersinia enterocolitica. Yersinia enterocolitica, which is carried in pigs, should be vigilant against human beings by polluting pork and its products and the environment, posing a threat to public health and food safety.