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第二次世界大战中,美国生产的多功能“吉普”车几乎无处不在,它们既可以用作人员输送车、货物输送车,同时也特别适合侦察、联络或指挥任务。二战以后,这种轻型4×4多功能战术车逐渐演变成一种更为复杂的车辆,能够将最先进的商业车辆技术同适合运输重负载的军事补给、武器、装备以及人员的车载设备结合在一起。今天,大多数4×4战术车的规格和结构设计仍基于这种理念,但其未来的发展方向将是新一代的高机动性多用途车辆。面对新条件下各国对轻型战术车提出的新要求,众多生产厂家也正在寻求和检验能够满足这些要求的办法,其中一个关键的问题是如何将当前的技术应用到这些车辆中。当前,许多国家的多功能战术车族都已经过时了,像澳大利亚、印度、马来西亚、韩国和新加坡等国都在积极寻找合适的多功能战术车。这里我们简要介绍一下当今世界上几种主要的多功能战术车。
During the Second World War, multi-purpose “Jeep” vehicles produced by the United States were almost ubiquitous and could be used both as personnel carriers and cargo transport vehicles, as well as for reconnaissance, liaison or command missions. After World War II, this lightweight 4x4 multi-function tactical vehicle evolved into a more sophisticated vehicle that combines state-of-the-art commercial vehicle technology with on-board equipment for military supplies, weapons, equipment, and personnel for heavy loads together. Today, the majority of 4x4 tactical vehicles are still based on this philosophy, but their future direction of development will be the new generation of highly mobile multipurpose vehicles. Faced with the new requirements of various nations for light tactical vehicles under new conditions, many manufacturers are also seeking and testing ways to meet these requirements. One of the key issues is how to apply current technologies to these vehicles. Currently, multi-purpose tactical car families are outdated in many countries. Countries like Australia, India, Malaysia, South Korea and Singapore are actively looking for suitable multi-purpose tactical vehicles. Here we briefly introduce some of the major multi-purpose tactical vehicles in the world today.