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目的探讨民营医院健康教育在流动儿童听力保健中的作用,旨在提高流动儿童的听力保健水平,促进儿童健康成长。方法采用多次分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取2016年2月-12月厦门市海沧区和翔安区的新阳街道、马巷镇内6所民办幼儿园300名流动儿童为研究对象;按辖区分为宣教组及对照组,通过宣教组幼儿园附近的8所民营医院,对流动儿童及其家长以多种形式进行健康宣教,并进行两个学期的追踪观察。结果通过民营医院进行健康教育,宣教组家长对儿童听力保健相关知识掌握程度明显提高,与干预前对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);宣教组流动儿童家长对听力保健行为认同率明显高于对照组,其中门诊就诊率(χ~2=122.30,P<0.01)、听力初筛查率(χ~2=144.21,P<0.01)、听力复筛率(χ~2=145.14,P<0.01);幼儿园对儿童听力关注度明显提高(χ~2=54.22,P<0.01)。结论民营医院健康教育在流动儿童听力保健中的作用明显,能有效提高流动人口家庭对听力保健相关知识的认知程度,预防听力言语残疾。
Objective To explore the role of health education in private hospitals in hearing health care for migrant children, aiming to improve the hearing and health care of migrant children and promote the healthy growth of children. Methods A total of 300 migrant children from 6 private kindergartens in Haixia District and Xiang’an District of Xiamen City from February to December 2016 were selected for the study. According to the area, they are divided into mission groups and control groups. Through the 8 private hospitals near the missionary group kindergartens, the floating children and their parents carry out health education in various forms and follow up for two semesters. Results Through private health education, parents in mission group had significantly higher knowledge of children’s hearing and health care than those before intervention (P <0.01). Parents of migrant children in mission group had significantly higher hearing health awareness In the control group, the outpatient visit rate (χ ~ 2 = 122.30, P <0.01), early hearing screening rate (χ ~ 2 = 144.21, P <0.01) 0.01). Kindergarten children’s listening awareness increased significantly (χ ~ 2 = 54.22, P <0.01). Conclusion The health education in private hospitals plays a significant role in hearing health care for migrant children, which can effectively improve the cognition of hearing-related knowledge and prevent hearing loss in families of floating population.