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农业生产是能量转化的生物再生产过程,遵守能量守恒和转化的自然规律。植物进行光合作用,把太阳辐射能转换为化学能,储存于农产品中,这是自然能的转换。在实际生产中,只有光合能,并不能获得最大的转换效率。作物的光合作用需要一定的水、肥、土为基础。现代的农业生产,人们投入了科学技术装备、措施以及人力、畜力,这部分物质的投入,同样是一种能量的投入,这是补充能。为了探讨青海干旱、半干旱地区农田生态系统补充能量转换的特点和效率,近年来运用系统工程投入、产出原理,从宏观上进行了初步研究,本文是一些初步的认识。
Agricultural production is a biological reproduction process of energy conversion and abides by the natural laws of energy conservation and transformation. Photosynthesis of plants, the solar radiation can be converted into chemical energy, stored in agricultural products, which is a natural energy conversion. In actual production, only photosynthetic energy, and can not get the maximum conversion efficiency. Crop photosynthesis requires a certain amount of water, fertilizer, soil-based. Modern agricultural production, people have invested scientific and technological equipment, measures and human and animal resources, this part of the material inputs, is also a kind of energy investment, which is complementary. In order to explore the characteristics and efficiency of energy conversion of farmland ecosystem in arid and semiarid areas of Qinghai, this paper makes a preliminary study from macro perspective using the input and output theory of system engineering in recent years. This article is some preliminary understanding.