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在当今经济全球化的发展过程中,国贸贸易分工格局发生了重大转变。中国自加入WTO以来,由于在劳动力成本上具有一定的比较优势,承接了大量的国际加工贸易。作为改革开放的前沿地区,东部沿海往往成为跨国公司FDI的首选地,经过多年发展,东部原有的拥有大量廉价劳动力,享有政策优惠等比较优势受到资源匮乏,土地价格上涨等因素影响逐步丧失,越来越多的加工贸易开始往中西部地区迁移。本文从探讨国际贸易产业地域转移的成因出发,聚焦中国产业转移,分析产生这种产业转移的内外因素,探讨中西部地区适合承接的产业类型以及国家引导产业转移的相关政策和措施。
In the course of the development of economic globalization, a significant change has taken place in the pattern of the division of labor in the international trade. Since its accession to the WTO, China has taken a large number of international processing trade due to its comparative advantage in labor costs. As a frontier area of reform and opening up, the eastern coast often becomes the first choice of FDI for multinational corporations. After years of development, the comparative advantages of having a large amount of cheap labor in the east and enjoying preferential policies are scarcely affected by such factors as scarce resources and rising land prices. More and more processing trade began to migrate to the central and western regions. This article starts from the origin of the regional transfer of international trade industry, focuses on the industrial transfer in China, analyzes the internal and external factors that cause this kind of industrial transfer, discusses the appropriate industrial types in the central and western regions and the relevant policies and measures of the state to guide the industrial transfer.