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汉字是记录汉语以表达情意和传递信息的书写符号,同时还能起到开发智力的作用。少年儿童正处于识字的最佳年龄期,他们的思维能力的发展也正处于质的变化阶段。如果教师在这个关键年龄段,充分发挥汉字开发大脑的功能,恰到好处地致力于训练学生的思维和能力,对促进学生全面发展将有重要意义。在这里,我仅就识字教学如何发展学生的注意、观察、记忆、联想、思维能力方面,谈谈一己之见: 一、“象形”与形象 象形字是古人根据实物表象而创造的,象形虽然数量少,结构单一,但大都充当汉字的部首、偏旁和“部件”,因此又称它为独体基础字。学好象形字至关重要,它不仅给查检以部首为序列的工具书提供方便,还有助于辨析合体字的音、形、义。 象形字虽以形体显义而得名,但由于几千年的演变,其形体的象形性已逐渐向符号化方向发展,致使现代绝大多数的象形字已无形可象了。所以象形字的教学应针对少年儿童以形象思维为主的思维特点,向学生提供具体形象的学习诱因,
Chinese characters record writing Chinese to express feelings and convey the message writing symbols, but also play a role in the development of intelligence. Children and adolescents are in the best age of literacy, and their development of thinking ability is also at a stage of qualitative change. If teachers in this crucial age, give full play to the Chinese characters to develop the brain function, just to devote themselves to training students' thinking and ability, to promote the overall development of students will be of great significance. Here, I only talk about my own opinion on how to develop student's attention, observation, memory, association and thinking ability in literacy teaching: I. “Pictograph” and Image Pictographs are created by the ancients based on the physical appearance, A small number, a single structure, but most of them act as the radical of Chinese characters, radical and “parts”, so it is also known as a single foundation. It is very important to learn good pictographs. It not only provides convenience to check the reference books that are based on the sequence of radicals, but also helps to distinguish the sound, shape and righteousness of fit characters. Although the hieroglyphs are named after their physical meaning, their shape has gradually evolved into a symbolic direction due to the evolution of thousands of years, rendering the vast majority of modern pictographs invisible. Therefore, the teaching of pictograms should aim at the thinking characteristics of children and young children based on image thinking and provide students with specific images of learning incentives,