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目的:通过调查国内3个城市未婚女性在寻求人工流产过程中获得的咨询与教育服务情况及避孕意愿,为流产后保健服务体系的制定与完善提供参考依据。方法:对在上海、成都和太原三城市不同等级医院内寻求人工流产、25岁以下的1 271例未婚女性进行描述性问卷调查。结果:80%以上的对象本次在医院人工流产过程中获得过信息宣教。宣教内容主要为“流产后注意事项”、“人工流产方式”和“流产可能并发症”;宣教形式以与医生面对面交流为主(77.84%～89.34%),其次为宣传册子(25.68%～29.55%)和海报(20.11%～38.52%)。在获得过宣教的对象中,能够理解人工流产后注意事项者的比例为34.72%～50.77%,能够理解人工流产并发症者的比例为22.46%～29.59%,能够理解避孕知识者的比例为30.49%～44.11%。三地对象获得避孕药具者的比例为2.11%～12.47%。56.24%～81.46%的对象主动咨询过问题,以“流产后注意事项”和“流产对身体的影响”居多,其中约66%的对象满意医生的解释。与过去半年内实际实施避孕情况相比,流产后对象愿意使用避孕方法者的比例上升,其中愿意使用不安全避孕方法者的比例下降。结论:尽管未婚女性在流产后避孕意愿有所改善,但医院在流产后咨询与教育方面存在医生宣教信息不足,医患间交流较弱,宣传册、海报、录像等辅助宣教方式利用不充分等诸多薄弱环节。
OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for the formulation and perfection of post-abortion health service system by investigating the counseling and education services and contraceptive wishes obtained by unmarried women in three cities in China during the process of seeking abortion. METHODS: Descriptive questionnaires were conducted on 1,271 unmarried women under the age of 25 who sought abortion in different ranks of hospitals in Shanghai, Chengdu and Taiyuan. Results: More than 80% of the subjects received informational mission during the abortion in the hospital. The main contents of the mission were “post-abortion precautions”, “abortion methods” and “abortion-likely complications”; mission-oriented forms were mainly face-to-face with doctors (77.84% ~ 89.34%), followed by publicity Brochures (25.68% ~ 29.55%) and posters (20.11% ~ 38.52%). Among the subjects who had been educated, 34.72% ~ 50.77% were able to understand post-abortion matters, 22.46% -29.59% were able to understand the complications of abortion, and 30.49 were able to understand contraceptive knowledge % ~ 44.11%. The proportion of people receiving contraceptives among the three places was 2.11% to 12.47%. 56.24% ~ 81.46% of the subjects voluntarily consulted the issue, with “post-abortion precautions ” and “the impact of miscarriage on the body ”, mostly about 66% of the subjects are satisfied with the doctor’s explanation. Compared with the actual implementation of contraception within the past six months, the proportion of those who are willing to use contraception after abortion increased, with the proportion of those willing to use unsafe contraception falling. CONCLUSIONS: Although unwed women have improved their contraception expectancy after abortion, there are not enough doctors’ education information, poor communication between doctors and patients, inadequate use of auxiliary missionary methods such as brochures, posters and videos in post-abortion consultation and education Many weak links.