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先天性斜颈又称肌性斜颈。一般认为是由于产伤或胚胎发育异常而产生的一侧胸锁乳突肌纤维性挛缩症。 症状和体征:婴儿出生后,凡细心的家长或医生皆可发现其一侧胸锁乳突肌内有一梭形包块,质硬与周围粘连。大约3～4个月以后肿块逐渐消失而出现挛缩,逐渐发生斜颈。轻者不易早期发现,至一岁左右开始出现明显体征,头偏向患侧、下颏转向健侧。如将头摆正则胸锁乳突肌呈弓弦状紧张、硬韧突出于皮下。随年龄的增长而部不对称,健侧饱满、患侧短小,健侧眼降低。重者有复视,颈椎侧弯,头颈运动受限。
Congenital torticollis, also known as muscle torticollis. Is generally believed to be due to birth trauma or embryonic development side of sternocleidomastoid fibrous contracture. Symptoms and signs: After the baby is born, all attentive parents or doctors can find a fusiform mass in one side of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which is hard and the surrounding adhesions. About 3 to 4 months after the lump gradually disappeared and contracture, the incidence of torticollis. Early light is not easy to find, to the first year of age obvious signs appear, head to the affected side, the chin turned to the contralateral side. If the head is stenosed sternocleidomastoid muscle was bow-shaped tension, hard and tough prominent in the subcutaneous. As the age of the Department of asymmetry, healthy full side, short ipsilateral, contralateral eye reduction. Severe diplopia, cervical scoliosis, head and neck movement is limited.