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马王堆医书是简帛医书之最大宗者,学界一般认为其成书年代在春秋战国之际甚至更早。我们在全面清理马王堆医书虚词的大宗——副词的基础上,选取表时间的“既”与“已”、表否定的“勿”与“毋”、表程度的“稍”与“小(少)”以及“最”这几组典型的副词,从虚词发展史的角度来论断其成书时代,结论是:马王堆医书中副词的使用情况反映的是战国末期产生的语言新质,从而可以判断其成书时代不早于战国末期,学界认为其成书于春秋战国之际甚至更早的说法不能成立。
Mawangdui Medical Book is the largest book of medical books, scholars generally believe that the book age in the Spring and Autumn Period or even earlier. On the basis of comprehensively cleaning up the bulk-adverbs of the medical words of Mawangdui, we choose the “both” and “already” of the time of the table, the “no” and the “no” The typical adverbs of “”, “lesser ” and “most ” conclude the book era from the perspective of the development history of function words. The conclusion is that the adverbs in Mawangdui The usage reflects the new language quality produced in the end of the Warring States Period so that it can be judged that its bookmaking age is not earlier than the end of the Warring States Period. The academic circles think that its argument that the book was written in the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Period can not be established.