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在外层电子结构相同时,象Li及类Li离子随着有效核电荷的增加,电离能增大.如Li、Be~(2+)、B~(2+)、C~(3+)、N~(4+)、O~(5+)、F~(6+)的电子结构为(1s~22s~1)0→n~+,其电离能分别为5.392,18.211,37.930,64.492,97.888,138.116,185.182(ev),单从这些数据看,电离能不是以一定值递增地。Be~+比Li大12.819ev,B~(2+)比Be~+大19.719ev,C~(3+)比B~(2+)大26.562ev,N~(4+)比C~(3+)大33.396ev……,然而它们的增值之间却近似定值递增,如
When the outer electron structure is the same, the ionization energies such as Li, Be ~ (2 +), B ~ (2 +), C ~ (3+), Li The electronic structures of N ~ (4 +), O ~ (5 +) and F ~ (6+) are (1s ~ 22s ~ 1) 0 → n ~ + and their ionization energies are 5.392, 18.211, 37.930 and 64.492, 97.888,138.116,185.182 (ev), alone from these data to see, ionization energy is not a certain value of incremental. Be ~ + is 12.819 eV greater than Li, B 2+ is 19.719 eV greater than Be ~ +, C 3+ is 26.562 eV greater than B 2+, and N 4+ is greater than C ~ 3+) is large 33.396ev ... However, their value added is approximately fixed between the increasing value, such as