论文部分内容阅读
国家海洋环境预报中心承担的“七五”科技攻关项目──“76-02-07”海冰数值预报方法研究取得突破性进展,顺利通过专家鉴定和国家验收。 海冰是我国重要的灾害性海况之一,在我国渤海北部,历史上曾出现过严重的海上冰封,致使平台被冰推翻,拉筋被割断,既使素有不冻港之称的秦皇岛由于冰封长达月余之久,从天津港口进出的一百多艘货船被冰阻挡无法航行,经济损失惊人。由此可见,随着海事活动的日益频繁,海冰已成为海上生产作业和航行不可轻视的天敌。从1958年开始,用30多年的时间、逐步建了立适合我国国情的海冰观测,调查和预报系统,但这种经验加统计的定性趋势预报方法,远不适应当前经济建设的发展,给海上施工、生产、交通、航运带来严重的影响。1986年以吴辉碇副教授为首的海冰专题科技攻关研究组,克服海冰观测资料奇缺,预报系统不健全的种种困难,经过5年的艰苦攻关,以我国海冰前期预报和科研为基础,博国际数十年海冰预报和研究之经验,采美国、芬兰、瑞典和苏联等国的先进的海冰模式,结合渤海的气候,水文和冰情特点,就海冰的生、消、增长漂移及海冰本身的许多物理特性作了大量理论和数值试验,合理地考虑海冰动力-热力特性、海冰大气、海冰与海洋的相互作用,采用塑性-粘性结构原理计算冰内力。推出了适
The Seventh Five-Year Scientific and Technological Project undertaken by the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center made breakthroughs in the research on the numerical prediction method of sea ice for “76-02-07”, passed the appraisal of experts and the acceptance of the state. Sea ice is one of the most important disastrous sea conditions in our country. In the northern part of the Bohai Sea in our country, there was a serious sea ice in history, causing the platform to be overturned by ice and the lacing was cut off. Even if it is known as Qinhuangdao As a result of the ice for more than a month, more than 100 cargo ships coming in and out of Tianjin Port were blocked by ice and were unable to navigate. Their economic losses were alarming. Thus, with the increasing frequency of maritime activities, sea ice has become a natural predator of naval operations and sailing. Beginning in 1958, more than 30 years have passed since the establishment of a system for sea ice observation, investigation and forecasting that is suitable for China’s national conditions. However, such experience and statistical qualitative trend forecasting methods are far from being suitable for the current economic development and giving Marine construction, production, transportation, shipping have a serious impact. In 1986, the research team on sea ice, led by associate professor Wu Hui-,, overcame the difficulties of lack of sea ice observation data and the imperfect forecasting system. After five years of hard work, it was based on the prediction and scientific research of sea ice in our country Bo International decades of experience in sea ice forecasting and research, taking the advanced sea ice patterns of the United States, Finland, Sweden and the Soviet Union and other countries, combined with the characteristics of climate, hydrology and ice in the Bohai Sea, A large number of theoretical and numerical experiments have been carried out on the growth and drift and the many physical properties of sea ice itself. The reasonable consideration of sea ice dynamic-thermal characteristics, sea-ice atmosphere, sea ice and ocean interaction, and the calculation of ice internal force by the plastic-viscous structure principle. Introduced suitable