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菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus L.)根系发达,抗旱性强,具有重要的防风固沙功能。为了揭示菊芋防风固沙机理及生长适应性,对科尔沁沙地生长的菊芋主要生态学特性进行了研究。结果表明:菊芋的生长发育可分为出苗期、快速生长期和块茎膨大期3个时期;菊芋地上部器官生长与干物质积累8周之内增长缓慢,之后生长迅速,第18周块茎开始进入速生期,块茎干物质积累在第23周达到最大值,平均单株为298.15 g;菊芋的光合性能指标与干物质积累存在密切关系,其中菊芋叶面积指数、光合势均在地上部分生长速生期第9周起开始呈对数式增长,到地下块茎膨大速生期第18周达到最大值,分别为6.55、401016m2.d-1.hm-2;叶片叶绿素相对含量在地上干物质开始向块茎转移时最高,峰值为38.4。
Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) developed root system, drought resistance, has an important function of wind and sand. In order to reveal the windbreak and sand-fixing mechanism and growth adaptability of Jerusalem artichoke, the main ecological characteristics of Jerusalem artichoke grown in Horqin sandy land were studied. The results showed that the growth and development of Jerusalem artichoke can be divided into three stages: emergence, rapid growth and tuber expansion. Artemia grew slowly within 8 weeks after shoot growth and dry matter accumulation, In fast-growing period, the dry matter accumulation of tubers reached the maximum value at the 23rd week, with an average of 298.15 g per plant. The photosynthetic performance of Jerusalem artichoke was closely related to the accumulation of dry matter. The leaf area index and photosynthetic potential of Jerusalem artichoke were all above the growth rate From the 9th week onwards, the logarithmic growth began to reach the maximum at the 18th week of underground tuber expansion, which were 6.55 and 401016m2.d-1.hm-2, respectively. The relative content of chlorophyll in leaves began to transfer to dry tubers The highest, the peak is 38.4.