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目的探讨广州市常见鼠传疾病流行病学特征,为鼠传疾病防控提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中收集广州市2011-2015年常见鼠传疾病报告病例基本信息,用描述性流行病学方法分析其流行病学特征。结果 2011-2015年广州市共报告4种鼠传疾病病例4 547例,其中鼠疫、肾综合征出血热、恙虫病、钩体病年平均发病率分别为0.00/10万、1.02/10万、6.01/10万、0.05/10万。出血热和恙虫病发病有一定的季节性,中心城区出血热发病构成较大,恙虫病和钩体病发病以城乡结合部和农村区域为主。出血热和恙虫病发病人群以青壮年为主,钩体病发病人群以中老年为主。结论广州市2011-2015年常见鼠传疾病发病水平整体相对平稳,呈小幅下降趋势,但发病风险仍然存在,需继续加强监测和预防控制。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of common rodent diseases in Guangzhou and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of rodent diseases. Methods The basic information of reported cases of rodent diseases in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2015 was collected from China CDC and the epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 4 547 cases of mouse-borne diseases were reported in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2015. Among them, the average incidence rates of plague, renal syndrome hemorrhagic fever, tsutsugamushi disease and leptospirosis were 0.00 / 100, 1.02 / 100, 6.01 / 100,000, 0.05 / 100,000. Hemorrhagic fever and tsutsugamushi disease have a certain seasonal, central city hemorrhagic fever is more likely to constitute, tsutsugamushi disease and leptospirosis incidence mainly in urban and rural areas and rural areas. Hemorrhagic fever and tsutsugamushi disease mainly in young adults, the incidence of leptospirosis in the elderly mainly. Conclusions The incidence of common rodent diseases in Guangzhou during the period of 2011-2015 is relatively stable, with a slight downward trend. However, the risk of the disease still exists. Monitoring and prevention and control should be strengthened.