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细胞穿透肽(cell penetrating peptides,CPPs)也称为蛋白转导结构域(protein transduction domain,PTD)是一类具有较强的穿膜活性的多肽,可以携带各种生物分子转运到细胞内,这一特点使其在药物转运系统及疾病治疗等领域有着广泛的研究,但是其穿膜转运机制尚不清楚。CPPs的穿膜过程可以分为3步,首先CPPs特殊的生化性质使其与细胞表面相互作用,形成空间优势,然后通过不同的方式进行跨膜转运,之后在CPPs在细胞内有不同的转运路径与定位。这种特性使其在免疫治疗方面有广阔的应用前景。本文就其运转过程的研究做一概括总结。随着研究不断深入,需要对传统的PTD进行改建、开发或者构建新的仿CPPs分子达到提高其运转效率、细胞内特异性定位及靶向不同种类细胞的目的,优化CPPs运转系统,为疫苗设计提供新的思路,并满足基础研究的需要。
Cell penetrating peptides (PTPs), also known as protein transduction domains (PTDs), are a class of polypeptides that have a strong transmembrane activity and are capable of transporting various biological molecules into cells, This feature has made it widely studied in the fields of drug delivery system and disease treatment, but the mechanism of its transmembrane transport is still unclear. CPPs penetrate the membrane process can be divided into three steps, first CPPs special biochemical properties make it interact with the cell surface to form a space advantage, and then transmembrane transport through different ways, after CPPs in the cell have different transport pathways With positioning. This feature makes it in immunotherapy has broad application prospects. This paper summarizes the research on its operation process. With the deepening of research, we need to rebuild the traditional PTD, develop or construct new CPP molecules to improve their operational efficiency, intracellular specific targeting and targeting different types of cells, optimize the CPPs operating system for the vaccine design Provide new ideas and meet the needs of basic research.