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目的:了解北柴胡植株雄性不育特点,确定花药败育的时期和原因。方法:对北柴胡雄性不育株与可育株的外观形态观察测定,对二者的花药发育过程和花粉活力进行显微观察和鉴定。结果和结论:雄性不育株与可育株外观形态相似,但花药和花丝的形态和大小不同。雄性不育株花丝不到正常可育株的1/2,花药干瘪而瘦小,不能自然开裂散粉,花粉粒无活力。导致雄性不育的主要原因是绒毡层异常发育,包括2种类型:小孢子母细胞经减数分裂到四分体发育过程中的“绒毡层提早降解型”;四分体时期的“绒毡层增生延迟退化型”。
Objective: To understand the characteristics of male sterile Bupleurum plant to determine the anther abortion period and its causes. Methods: The appearance and morphology of male sterile and fertile plants of Bupleurum chinense were observed and observed. The anther development and pollen viability were observed and identified microscopically. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The morphology of male sterile and fertile plants was similar, but the morphology and size of anthers and filaments were different. Male sterile silk is less than normal fertile plants 1/2, anthers shriveled and thin, can not naturally crack loose powder, pollen particles no vitality. The main reason leading to male sterility is the abnormal development of tapetum, including two types: microspore mother cells meiosis to the development of tetrad during the “early tapetum degradation type”; quartile period “Tapestry hyperplasia delayed degeneration ”.