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高职学生的实习环节对于学生的学习生涯非常重要,其中心理需要与发挥学生的主观能动性关系密切。要尊重高职学生个体的心理需要和帮助其自我价值的实现,使高职学生在顶岗实习过程中充分发挥主观能动性,就得首先了解顶岗实习学生这一相对特殊群体的心理特征。美国心理学家马斯洛的需要层次理论不但为高职学生在实习过程中主观能动性的发挥提供了理论依据,而且也为我们了解并探询不同学生的心理需要特征提供了理论指导。
The practice of vocational students is very important for the students ’learning career, in which the psychological needs are closely related to the students’ subjective initiative. To respect the psychological needs of individual students in higher vocational colleges and to help them realize their self-worth so that students can give full play to their subjective initiative during internship, we must first understand the psychological characteristics of post-internship students, a relatively special group. The theory of need level of American psychologist Maslow not only provides theoretical basis for higher vocational students to exert subjective initiative in internship process, but also provides theoretical guidance for us to understand and explore the psychological needs of different students.