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目的探讨儿童卡氏肺囊虫肺炎的CT表现。方法选取经痰或肺泡灌洗液查找肺孢子虫阳性,且临床和CT资料完整的患儿8例,其中男5例,女3例,中位年龄5岁。分别对CT图像中所表现出的气腔实变、磨玻璃密度影、小叶间隔增厚、支气管壁增厚、过度充气、胸膜渗出、肺大疱、结节影及网格影等征象进行观察统计。结果 8例(8/8,100%)患儿均出现气腔实变,6例(6/8,75.00%)实变累及肺段以下水平,且多位于上叶尖后段及下叶后基底段;6例(6/8,75.00%)出现磨玻璃密度影,且均累及整个肺叶,以下肺叶受累最为常见;3例(3/8,37.50%)出现小叶间隔增厚;2例(2/8,25.00%)出现支气管壁增厚;2例(2/8,25.00%)出现肺过度充气;1例(1/8,12.50%)出现少量胸腔积液;所有病例均未见肺大疱、结节影或网格影征象。结论 CT在诊断儿童卡氏肺囊虫肺炎方面具有重要价值。
Objective To investigate the CT manifestations of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children. Methods The sputum or alveolar lavage fluid was selected to find positive for Pneumocystis, and there were 8 cases with complete clinical and CT data, including 5 males and 3 females, with a median age of 5 years. Respectively CT images showed air cavity consolidation, ground glass density shadow, interlobular septal thickening, bronchial wall thickening, hyperventilation, pleural effusion, bullae, nodules and grid shadow and other signs of Observe statistics. Results All of the 8 cases (8/8 and 100%) had air cavity consolidation. Six cases (6/8 and 75.00%) had consolidation and sub-pulmonary involvement, and were mostly located in the posterior segment of upper apex and the posterior segment of inferior lobe (6/8, 75.00%) appeared ground glass density shadow, and the entire lung lobes were involved. The most common pulmonary lobe involvement was found in 3 cases (3/8, 37.50% 8,25.00%) showed bronchial wall thickening; 2 cases (2 / 8,25.00%) had hyperinflation, 1 case (1 / 8,12.50%) had a small amount of pleural effusion; , Nodules or grid shadow signs. Conclusion CT is of great value in diagnosing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children.