论文部分内容阅读
目前,铁路货车轮轴加工生产线上最重要设备之一是由西班牙进口的货车轮轴轴颈成型磨床。作为数控设备,轮轴轴颈磨削过程已经实现了自动化,但磨床的上下料仍需要人工操作,尚未实现自动化。生产过程中遇到的轮轴体积大、重量重;磨床设备要求上料位置准确;磨床内操作空间狭小等实际问题,严重制约着企业轮轴加工的生产效率。本课题围绕加工生产线的自动化改造中遇到的实际困难进行深入分析。设计了一套磨床自动上下料装置,针对该装置的自动化系统的设计与实现进行研究,提出了基于PLC控制机械手进行自动上下料的整体方案。本论文主要就软件设计方面进行阐述。通过对系统各复杂动作的分析,完成了控制系统流程图,确定了控制系统软件设计的整体思路。完成了主要控制器件的程序设计,包括PLC程序设计、变频器、伺服驱动器、编码器的程序设计及触摸屏的程序设置等。解决自动上下料过程中,机械手在承重状态下,动作的稳定性,精确性和移动的速度等几方面问题。
At present, one of the most important equipment on the railway truck axle production line is the truck axle spindle grinder imported from Spain. As a numerical control device, wheel spindle grinding process has been automated, but the grinding machine loading and unloading still requires manual operation, has not yet been automated. Axles encountered in the production process are bulky and heavy in weight. Grinding machines require accurate feeding positions. The practical problems such as small operating space in the grinding machine seriously restrict the production efficiency of the enterprise’s axle machining. The subject around the processing line automation transformation encountered in the practical difficulties in-depth analysis. A set of grinder automatic loading and unloading device was designed. The design and realization of the automatic system of the device were studied. The overall scheme of automatic loading and unloading based on PLC was put forward. This paper mainly expounds the software design. Through the analysis of the complex movements of the system, the flow chart of the control system is completed and the overall idea of the software design of the control system is confirmed. Completed the main control device programming, including PLC programming, inverter, servo drives, encoder programming and touch screen program settings. Solve the automatic loading and unloading process, the robot in the bearing state, the stability of the movement, accuracy and speed of movement and other issues.