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研究了N523(N,N-二乙基己基乙酰胺)-TBP(磷酸三丁酯)混合萃取体系从盐湖卤水中萃取锂的共萃取效应、盐析效应及共存离子影响。FeCl_3、CoCl_2、NiCl_2、CuCl_2、ZnCl_2等过渡金属氯化物盐对锂的共萃取效应研究表明,FeCl_3是最佳的共萃剂,Fe/Li摩尔比为1.3时萃取效果最优。卤水中KCl、CaCl_2、NaCl、MgCl_2、Al Cl3的盐析效应研究表明,MgCl_2是萃取锂天然的最佳盐析剂。卤水中Na~+、K~+、Ca~(2+)等共存离子对锂萃取效果的影响研究表明,锂与共存离子的分离因数顺序为βLiMg>βLiK>βLiNa>βLiCa。N523-TBP混合萃取体系特别适合从高镁卤水中萃取锂,但不适于从含钙较高的卤水中萃取锂。
The effects of coextraction, salting-out and coexisting ions on the extraction of lithium from salt lake brine with N523 (N, N-diethylhexylacetamide) -TBP (tributyl phosphate) mixed extraction system were studied. The results of co-extraction of lithium with transition metal chloride salts such as FeCl 3, CoCl 2, NiCl 2, CuCl 2 and ZnCl 2 showed that FeCl 3 was the best co-solvent and the best extraction was obtained when the Fe / Li molar ratio was 1.3. The salting-out effect of KCl, CaCl_2, NaCl, MgCl_2 and AlCl3 in brine shows that MgCl_2 is the best salting-out agent for natural lithium extraction. The effect of Na ~ +, K ~ +, Ca ~ (2+) ions on extraction efficiency of lithium in brine shows that the order of separation factor between lithium and coexisting ions is βLiMg> βLiK> βLiNa> βLiCa. The N523-TBP blend extraction system is particularly suitable for extraction of lithium from high-magnesium brine but not for extraction of lithium from brines containing a higher calcium content.