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目的调查分析妊娠期妇女贫血发生相关的影响因素,统计出长春西部地区妊娠合并贫血患病率,从而提出预防与控制妊娠期贫血的干预措施,以降低孕产妇及新生儿死亡率,提高产科医疗质量。方法现场问卷调查,包括个人社会文化与经济因素、个体产科因素、血常规检查结果。现场回收,分析调查结果。结果 (1)发出问卷548份,回收513份,回收率93.6%。长春西部地区孕妇贫血患病率达20.9%,以缺铁性贫血为主。(2)孕妇的年龄、体重指数、教育程度、职业、家庭月收入、月经初潮年龄、月经持续时间、月经周期、产次等与贫血发生的危险因素进行单因素分析,发现月经初潮时间、家庭月收入、新生儿出生体重的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论妊娠期贫血的发生与多种因素有关,通过正规的围产期保健可以降低该病的发病率。
Objective To investigate and analyze the influencing factors of anemia in pregnant women and to calculate the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in the western region of Changchun so as to put forward the interventions to prevent and control the pregnancy anemia in order to reduce the maternal and neonatal mortality and improve the obstetric care quality. Methods Questionnaire survey, including individual socio-cultural and economic factors, individual obstetric factors, blood test results. Site recovery, analysis of the findings. Results (1) 548 questionnaires were issued, 513 were recovered, the recovery rate of 93.6%. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in western region of Changchun is 20.9%, mainly iron deficiency anemia. (2) Univariate analysis of risk factors such as age, body mass index, education level, occupation, family monthly income, age of menarche, duration of menstruation, menstrual cycle, parity and anemia were found in pregnant women. It was found that menarche, The monthly income and newborn birth weight had significant differences (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusions The occurrence of anemia during pregnancy is related to many factors. The incidence of anemia can be reduced by regular perinatal care.