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本文采用固体渗硼方法,对多种钢材渗硼层进行孔洞形态特征的观察和孔洞内成分元素的测定,探讨了孔洞的成因并提出了孔洞形成的一些看法。结果表明:孔洞是含有Si、S及微量渗剂分解元素的多面体缺陷,并是先天性微裂源。孔洞沿晶界滑移或解理导致孔洞的联结和显微裂纹的扩展。作者认为:孔洞的形成是渗硼初期表层过饱和品格空位聚集成核,并因渗硼气氛沿硼化物边界或晶界进入孔核和扩大作用的结果。据此提出了减少孔洞的工艺途径。
In this paper, solid boronizing method was used to observe the morphological features of holes and the determination of the compositional elements in a variety of steel boronizing layers, discussed the genesis of the pores and put forward some views on the formation of the pores. The results show that the pores are polyhedral defects containing Si, S and trace elements, and are congenital microcrack sources. Slipping or cleaving of the hole along the grain boundary leads to the attachment of the hole and the expansion of the microcrack. The author believes that the formation of pores is the result of initial nucleation and supersaturation of supersaturated lattice vacancy in the initial stage of boronizing and the entry of boron into the pore nucleus due to the boriding atmosphere along boride boundary or grain boundary. Accordingly, a reduction of the process of the hole.