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朱子人性论是“自然常道”思想基础上强调“当然”的客观道德价值论。戴震对理学的深刻批判同时导致了人们忽视了朱子人性论的自然主义思想基础。朱子通过对天道的体认 ,揭示出人性的自然之常道。在中国思想中“自然”是一个功能性范畴 ,表征“自己如此” ,“自然而然”。强调朱子人性论的自然常道之基础 ,并不悖于其贯穿始终的道德价值目的论。朱子以理体代替道体 ,注重“天理自然之本体” ,突出了“性即理”的命题 ,同时又推出了“性气”范畴 ,使其人性论未脱离理气框架的二难局面。其理欲观、道心人心之辨及其修身论 ,都是自然常道基础上的人文道德思想
Zhu Xi ’s theory of human nature is an objective moral value theory that emphasizes “of course” on the basis of the thought of “natural constant track”. Dai Zhen’s profound critique of Neo-Confucianism also led people to neglect the naturalist ideological foundation of Zhu Zi’s human nature. Through the cognition of Heaven, Zhu reveals the natural natural way of human nature. In the Chinese thought “nature” is a functional category that characterizes “oneself so” and “natural”. It emphasizes that the foundation of Zhu Zi’s natural way of human nature is not inconsistent with his continual moral value teleology. Zhu Zili replaced the Taoist body, focusing on “the natural body of nature,” highlighting the “nature that is,” the proposition, at the same time introduced the “sexual” category, so that his theory of human nature is not divorced from the framework of the psychological constraints. The concept of reason and desires, the distinction between morality and morality and self-cultivation theory are both natural and humanistic moral ideals