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1988年8月,以色列爆发1型麻痹型脊髓灰质炎,主要发生于犹太青年中。几乎所有0～40岁的人群均接种了1剂三价口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗(TOPV)。作者于接种后2周及4年,对17人检测了对疫苗的血清学应答。结果发现:4年后,针对1型流行株和Mahoney株的抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)与免疫后2周的水平相比下降了约50％,但仍比免疫前高5倍以上。所有接种者抗这两个病毒株的中和抗体滴度至少为1:64,远高于通常认为的1:8保护滴度。抗2型和3型病毒株的抗体GMT在4年后减少至免疫后2周水平的1/3,但仍高于保护水平。这些发现证实,在加强1剂TOPV后4年抗1型流行株和Mahoney株的中和抗体滴度下降幅度较小。根据这种下降速率推断,加强免疫后针对1型病毒株的免疫力持续时间远远超过4年。值得注意的是,在以色列,加强1剂疫苗后的这段时间内,没有发现任何脊髓灰质炎病例,表明那些接种疫苗者接触脊髓灰质炎野毒株的可能性极小。
In August 1988, type 1 paralysis of poliomyelitis erupted in Israel, mainly among Jewish youth. Almost all 0 to 40-year-olds are vaccinated with one trivalent oral polio vaccine (TOPV). The authors tested the serological response to the vaccine for 17 people at 2 weeks and 4 years after vaccination. The results showed that after 4 years, the geometric mean titer (GMT) of antibodies against Type 1 and Mahoney strains decreased by about 50% compared to 2 weeks post-immunization but still more than 5-fold higher than before immunization. The neutralizing antibody titers of all vaccinates against these two strains were at least 1:64, far above what is commonly thought of as a 1: 8 protection titer. Antibody GMT against type 2 and 3 strains was reduced to 1/3 of 2 weeks after immunization after 4 years, but still above the level of protection. These findings confirm that the neutralizing antibody titers of the anti-type 1 and Mahoney strains declined less significantly 4 years after boosting 1 dose of TOPV. Based on this rate of decline, the duration of immunity against type 1 strains after booster vaccination lasted far more than 4 years. It is noteworthy that no polio cases were found during the period after one dose of vaccine was intensified in Israel, indicating that those vaccinated persons are less likely to have access to poliovirus strains.