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目的了解重庆市学龄儿童甲状腺肿大率的现况。方法采取人口等比例概率抽样法(PPS法),在重庆市抽取30个调查点,每个调查点随机抽取1所小学,再从每所小学中随机抽取8～10岁儿童40名,对所有儿童的甲状腺进行B超检查,同时测量身高和体重。结果共调查1322名学龄儿童,甲状腺肿大率为5.52%,其中男生、女生分别为4.84%、6.17%;8、9、10岁儿童分别为5.37%、6.12%、5.08%;不同性别、年龄间甲状腺肿大率差异均没有统计学意义(χ2性别=1.12,χ2年龄=0.49,P均﹥0.05)。不同身高组甲状腺肿大率差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.44,P﹤0.01)。不同体重组甲状腺肿大率差异有统计学意义(χ2=47.76,P﹤0.01);同一年龄条件下,不同体重组间甲状腺肿大率差异均有统计学意义(χ28岁=16.59,χ29岁=15.74,χ210岁=23.31,P均﹤0.01)。正常、超重、肥胖组间甲状腺肿大率差异有统计学意义(χ2=28.88,P﹤0.01)。结论重庆市学龄儿童甲状腺肿大率仍高于5%,身高、体重、肥胖程度可能影响其甲状腺肿大。
Objective To understand the prevalence of goiter in school-age children in Chongqing. Methods PPS (Population Probability Probability Sampling) method was used to select 30 investigation points in Chongqing. One primary school was randomly selected from each survey point, and 40 children aged from 8 to 10 were randomly selected from each primary school. Children’s thyroid ultrasound B, while measuring height and weight. Results A total of 1322 school-age children were enrolled in this study. The rate of goiter was 5.52%, with boys and girls 4.84% and 6.17% respectively. The children aged 8, 9 and 10 were 5.37%, 6.12% and 5.08% respectively. Between the goiter rate differences were not statistically significant (χ2 sex = 1.12, χ2 age = 0.49, P> 0.05). The difference of goiter rate in different height group was statistically significant (χ2 = 25.44, P <0.01). The difference of goiter rate among different weight groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 47.76, P <0.01). The difference of goiter rate among different weight groups was statistically significant at the same age (χ28 = 16.59, χ29 = 15.74, χ210 = 23.31, P <0.01). The difference of goiter rate between normal, overweight and obesity groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 28.88, P <0.01). Conclusion The goiter rate of school-age children in Chongqing is still higher than 5%. The height, weight and obesity may affect the goiter.